"Um-, -Um-" is a word in HILIGAYNON

um-, -um- HILIGAYNON

Definition:

um-, -um- - This syllable goes to form the
following tenses: the Active Imperative, the
Conditional Future, the Past. When the
verb begins with a vowel, um- is put before
the vowel, e.g. abút—to come, becomes
umabút. When the verb begins with a
consonant, um- is put after the consonant,
e.g. halín—to depart, becomes humalín.
1) Active Imperative. Bumúhat ka sinâ. Do
it. Make it. Uminúm ka na kag
pumadáyon sang ímo paglakát. Take a
drink and continue your journey. (búhat,
inúm, padáyon).
2) Conditional Future. Kon lumígad na
ang tátlo ka ádlaw bayáran mo akó sing
(sa) waláy balíbad. After three days you
must pay me without shift. Kon dumángat
ka sinâ——. When (If) you obtain that——.
(lígad, dángat).
3) The Past. In vivid narrative equivalent to
what is called the Historical Present. Sang
pagkabatî níya siní sa gilayón umílis siá
kag lumakát. On hearing this he at once
changes his clothes and sets out.
Tumalikód lang siá kag humípus. All he
does is to turn his back saying nothing. Si
Hesús nalóoy sa íya kag sumilíng: "——”.
Jesus had mercy on her and said: "——”.
Tumíndog na man si Nikolás, "Hóo, may
katarúngan siá”, sumalígbat siá sang íla
halambalánon. Nicolas too stands up, and
interrupting their conversation, blurts out:
"Yes he is right”. (ílis, lakát, talikód, hípus,
silíng, tíndog, salígbat).
N.B. If, further, "l” is put after the first
vowel of the verb, we get the forms umal-,
umil-, umol-, umul-, which denote the

agent of what the root signifies, e.g.
umalági—a passer-by (ági); pumililî—an
elector, voter (pílì); tumolóo—a believer
(tóo); bumulúthò—one who goes to school,
a student, pupil, alumnus (búthò);
bumulúlig, bumululíg—helper, assistant
(búlig); bumalákal—buyer, customer
(bakál); tumalánum—planter, farmer
(tanúm); sumilílhig—sweeper (sílhig);
dumalalá—manager, conductor, leader,
etc. etc. (cf. inm-, mag-, nag-, manug-,
tig-, tag-).

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